Through the lenses of evolutionary biology and cultural evolution, small groups of 20 to 100 people are the primary organisms within human society - in contrast to individuals, corporations, and nation states. The implications for our civilisation are profound.

Humanity is experiencing a phase transition that is catalysed by a combination of new communication technologies, toxic levels of social inequalities, and existential crises. It is time to put ubiquitous global digital connectivity to good use, to curate and share the lessons from marginalised perspectives, and to reflect critically on the human evolutionary journey and on the possibilities and limitations of human agency.

The journey of exponentially accelerating cultural evolution presented in this book covers several hundred thousand years, from the origins of humans right up to the latest significant developments in the early 21st century. Regardless of what route we choose, on this planet no one is in control.

The force of life is distributed and decentralised, and it might be a good idea to organise and collaborate accordingly. Becoming conscious of human cognitive limits and recognising that these limits are just as real, immutable, and relevant for our survival as the laws of physics may allow us to avoid the fate of earlier civilisations, and to embark on a path of radical energy descent.

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