In a rapidly globalizing world, it is crucial for industries to consider waste minimization and therefore adopt and implement environmentally friendly and sustainable/circular waste/water/wastewater management and treatment strategies. For this purpose, priority should be given to the reuse of the treated process stream, the recovery of beneficial nutrients, and the valorization of waste/wastewater-derived by-products to create a more eco-friendly and sustainable production model.

On the other hand, due to the limiting high costs and the various process-related difficulties associated with traditional methods, there is a need to explore cost-effective, manageable, environmentally sound, and profitable treatment methods that will effectively remove/recover excess nutrients/contaminants from industrial waste streams. In this context, it is critical and urgent to deploy proper innovative and techno-sustainable water/wastewater treatment solutions from an environmental standpoint, while fulfilling the expanding industrial demands worldwide.

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