Background: Infection is the second leading cause of mortality in people with kidney failure and the development of infections is often associated with vascular access. Objectives: To analyze the Quality Index (QI) of nursing care provided to people on hemodialysis, in the maintenance and manipulation of the central venous catheter (CVC), and the associated factors.

Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional study carried out in hemodialysis units in northern Portugal between June and September 2019. Fifty nurses took part in the study and were directly observed and a questionnaire was administered to characterize their socio-professional status.

The data was entered and analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 21. 0.

Results: The average QI for CVC procedures was 80%. The use of chlorohexidine for skin antisepsis was the procedure with the lowest compliance.

Conclusion: The results indicate that there is room for improvement in the QI of procedures performed on CVCs in hemodialysis, with professional training being pointed out as a predictive indicator of better practices. .