Cardiovascular disease is currently a key public health problem and the leading cause of death in developed countries. Epidemiologic studies confirm that an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and other manifestations of atherosclerosis is associated with increased blood cholesterol levels, especially low-density lipoprotein (LDL).

Atherosclerosis is based on abnormalities in lipid metabolism and transport, as well as inflammation of the vascular wall. Treatment focuses on lowering bad cholesterol (LDL) and increasing anti-atherogenic lipoproteins.

Statins, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, effectively lower cholesterol levels and are considered effective drugs for the prevention of cardiovascular complications. In light of these risks, milk thistle, which contains silymarin, an antioxidant complex, is of interest as a potential liver-protective agent.

Silymarin may prevent liver cell damage, regenerate damaged cells, and enhance antioxidant defense. Studies show the effectiveness of milk thistle in treating various liver diseases, including hepatitis and cirrhosis.

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