The agricultural sector uses the largest share of freshwater of any industry, and contributes greatly to global food security. However, the water available for agriculture and natural ecosystems has been decreasing in most parts of the world due to the increasing water demands of domestic and industrial activities.

A systemic study on hydrology and water resources in terms of agriculture and ecology will provide a basis for food security and ecosystem security. This preprint explores the recent advancements in the areas of hydrology and water resources in agriculture and ecology.

It covers a wide range of topics, including crop water requirements, drought assessment, ecohydrology and environmental hydrology, river hydrology, forest hydrology, groundwater, soil water, channel leakage, cropland hydrology, drainage, hydrodynamics, hydropedology, nutrient loss, soil physics, water balance, and water footprints. With its multidisciplinary approach and comprehensive coverage, this reprint serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, and engineers working in the fields of agricultural hydrology, ecohydrology, and water resources.

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