The metabolic process known as fermentation involves the use of microbes like bacteria, yeast, or fungus to transform carbs (sugars, starches, etc. ) into alcohol or organic acids.

The preparation of food and drink has long made use of this ubiquitous and old technique. Although alcoholic drinks are the most famous byproduct of fermentation, this process is essential to the making of many other foods, including bread, yogurt, sauerkraut, pickles, and kraut.

Microbes produce energy during fermentation as they decompose complex organic molecules into simpler ones. Fermentation circumstances and the kind of microbes involved determine the final products.

Fermentation can take several forms, some of which include alcoholic, lactic acid, and acetic acid fermentation. As an example, yeast and a few bacteria can produce alcohol and carbon dioxide through alcoholic fermentation.

In contrast, dairy products such as yogurt and cheese frequently employ lactic acid fermentation in their manufacturing. The process of fermentation is essential in many industrial operations, including the creation of biofuels and specific medications, and it has long been utilized to prolong the shelf life and improve the taste of food and drink.

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