Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a steadily progressive disease that affects mainly people of working age and rapidly leads to the development of systemic complications. The main cause of disability and mortality in diabetes is micro- and macrovascular complications leading to the development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke and with their less favourable outcome. The formation of endothelial dysfunction is one of the links in the pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathies, as trigger factors include inflammatory processes with changes in the function of the smooth muscle layer and excessive formation of proinflammatory cytokines.

Cytokine balance disorders are directly or indirectly related to the pathogenesis of many diseases of human internal organs, which makes it possible to develop new approaches to their treatment. The monograph considers modern ideas about cytokine network, peculiarities of its functioning, the importance of cytokines in the development of diabetes mellitus, as well as the prospects for the use of cytokine drugs in the treatment and prevention of neurological complications of diabetes mellitus.

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