The main purpose of this study is to analyze civil imprisonment for alimony as a means of enforcement allowed in the current procedural system, in the event of non-compliance with alimony obligations. In this sense, it will discuss the maintenance obligation and its particularities, as well as the consequences of non-compliance with the obligation to pay maintenance.

With regard to civil imprisonment, the work will present its (in)constitutionality and also the specificities of this institute, with emphasis on the changes in the New Code of Civil Procedure. In addition to the bibliographical research, the study includes field research carried out at Unijuí's Legal and Assistance Practice Center - Model Office and the Ijuí Penal Institute in order to verify whether this type of imprisonment is an effective measure that avoids defaulting on maintenance payments and ensures the right to life for those receiving maintenance, as set out in the list of fundamental rights in the 1988 Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil (CF/88).

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