Benefits of MOS in conservation management systems:Physical (structure and aggregation) forming larger structures that favor the root system of cultivated plants. Chemical: By improving the CEC of soils, complexing exchangeable aluminum and reducing the adsorption of P.

This is especially helpful in Brazil's tropical soils. Biological: Promotes soil microbiota and enzymesSoil management involving mechanical intervention (plowing, harrowing, scarification, etc.

) breaks up soil aggregates, macro- and micro-aggregates, increasing the area of exposure of MOS to microbial attack. In addition, with greater aeration, micro-organisms attack this MOS more easily and contribute to its mineralization.

 Grass residues have a higher C/N ratio, often above 30/1, which is why the balance between immobilization and mineralization tends towards microbial immobilization, until this C/N ratio becomes narrower, at which point this balance will tend towards mineralization. Soybean waste has a narrower C/N ratio, below 20/1, which makes mineralization the predominant process.

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