Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition distinguished by airway constriction and inflammation, resulting in respiratory distress for those afflicted. Asthma is characterized by the presence of wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, and constriction in the chest.

The intensity of these symptoms can vary from moderate to severe. They may manifest in episodes or attacks that are initiated by a variety of factors, including allergens (e.

g. , animal dander, dust mites, pollen), air pollution, respiratory infections, exercise, or specific medications.

A combination of medical history, physical examination, and lung function tests (e. g.

, spirometry) are commonly utilized in the diagnosis of asthma. A combination of long-term control medications (for symptom prevention and inflammation management) and quick-relief medications (for immediate relief during asthma attacks) is typically employed in treatment.

Asthma management may also involve identifying and avoiding triggers, adopting lifestyle modifications, and devising an asthma action plan in collaboration with healthcare providers, in addition to medication. Despite being a chronic condition, the majority of individuals with asthma can lead active and fulfilling lives with appropriate management.

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